Work and Heat
~ Heat is the transfer of thermal energy to one object to another as the result of a difference in temperature.
~ Heat follows spontaneously from hot to cold objects.
~ Friction produces heat.
~ The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another is heat.
Temperature
~ Temperature is the measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to a reference point.
~ On the Celsius scale, the reference points for temperature are the freezing and boiling points of water.
~ An object heats up because its particles move faster, on average and its temperature increases.
Thermal Energy
~ Thermal energy is the total potential and kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
~ Thermal energy depends upon the mass, temperature, and phase of an object.
~ Two substances can be the same temperature and have different energies.
Thermal Expansion and Contraction
~ Thermal contraction occurs when matter is heated, because particles of matter tend to move closer together as
temperature increases.
Specific Heat
~ The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of material by one degree Celsius is called specific heat.
~ You are more likely to burn yourself on a metal toy than on a plastic toy if both have been sitting in the sun because the more
its temperature increases while heat is absorbed.
Measuring Heat Changes
~ The device used to measure changes in thermal energy is a calorimeter.
~ A calorimeter uses the principle that heat flows from a hot object to a colder object until both reach the same temperature.
~ Heat follows spontaneously from hot to cold objects.
~ Friction produces heat.
~ The transfer of thermal energy from one object to another is heat.
Temperature
~ Temperature is the measure of how hot or cold an object is compared to a reference point.
~ On the Celsius scale, the reference points for temperature are the freezing and boiling points of water.
~ An object heats up because its particles move faster, on average and its temperature increases.
Thermal Energy
~ Thermal energy is the total potential and kinetic energy of all the particles in an object.
~ Thermal energy depends upon the mass, temperature, and phase of an object.
~ Two substances can be the same temperature and have different energies.
Thermal Expansion and Contraction
~ Thermal contraction occurs when matter is heated, because particles of matter tend to move closer together as
temperature increases.
Specific Heat
~ The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of material by one degree Celsius is called specific heat.
~ You are more likely to burn yourself on a metal toy than on a plastic toy if both have been sitting in the sun because the more
its temperature increases while heat is absorbed.
Measuring Heat Changes
~ The device used to measure changes in thermal energy is a calorimeter.
~ A calorimeter uses the principle that heat flows from a hot object to a colder object until both reach the same temperature.